B2B Electronics

What The Radio Frequency Filters Is?

An important component in wireless technology, RF filters are used with the radio receivers so that only the right kind of frequencies can be entertained while filtering out other unwanted bands of frequencies. RF filter is a device that transmits or rejects signals according to the frequency.

The RF filters are designed in a way that they could easily operate on frequency ranges that range from medium to extremely high frequency, i.e. megahertz and gigahertz. Because of its operating characteristic, it is most frequently used in equipment such as broadcast radio, wireless communications, and television, etc.

Basic Types of Radio Frequency Filter

• Band Pass Filters:

A bandpass filter is a circuit that allows signals from two different frequencies to pass through and reject the signals that do not come within its acceptance range. Bandpass cavity filter and UHF bandpass filter are common filters in the current generation.

• Band Reject Filters:

Band-reject filters prevent all frequencies between two frequencies from passing while allowing all others to pass.

• Low Pass Filter:

Low pass filters allow frequencies below a given frequency to pass (to be transmitted or received) while rejecting frequencies above the given frequency.
low pass filters are utilized in audio applications and filters out noises from any external circuit. After the high-frequency signals are filtered, the resulting signal frequencies get a crisp and clear quality.

• High Pass Filter:

High pass filters let frequencies above a given frequency pass through the filter while rejecting frequencies above the given frequency. The high pass filters are utilized in the audio systems through which all the low frequencies are filtered out. In addition, it is used to remove bass in small speakers, and in many cases; these filters are specifically built into the speakers. VHF UHF duplexer is a special high pass filter type.

The Importance of RF filters

RF filters can filter out the noise or reduce the interference of the external signals that could affect the quality or the performance of any communication system. The lack of the proper RF filters in place could take a toll on the transference of the signal frequencies which could end up hurting the communication process.

With the right RF filters in place, the external interferences along with the signal disruption produced by the neighboring communication system can be easily blocked out. This preserves the quality of the desired signal frequencies while filtering out all the unwanted signal frequencies with ease.

Article Source: SHIREEN

Having a safe and secure door lock is the first step toward ensuring safety of the residence. For decades, this work was done by the simple key and locks.

However, these locks could be easily damaged and instances of break in increased. Looking for the appropriate solution to this problem, spring bolt lock came into use.

These locks consist of spring loaded bolt with an angled edge. When the door is completely closed, the spring engages and latch bolt holds the door closed. However, with time the use of deadbolt came into existence.

These locks are more convenient to use than the spring bolt locks. A typical deadbolt lock is handled manually and requires turning a cylindrical knob so as to open the door. Such deadbolts can have single cylinder requiring one key or double cylinder requiring two keys.

However, the problem with a simple deadbolt lock is that it requires a key. Most of the times, a person may forget the key. Besides, these simple deadbolts were inefficient to be used in massive buildings which require a large number of locks. Hence, an improvement was made in the deadbolts which now operated electronically without needing any manual effort.

Such deadbolts are called electronic deadbolt locks. In rest of the article, we would be discussing the various aspects of using an electronic deadbolt locks.

Electronic Deadbolt Lock

Electronic locks have become one of the most popular security locks used for doors in both commercial and residential buildings. Unlike simple deadbolt locks, these locks do not require keys for operation.

The actions of these locks are more accurate. Moreover, these locks do not allow easy break in into the building. Thus, the locks are widely used in hospitals, corporate offices, defense centers and private buildings. To open a lock, one need to feed a combination of codes which the related electric circuits analyses.

These code combinations can be fed either using cards or keypad. In most of the commercial and govt. buildings, cards are widely used.

How Does Such Lock Work?

The lock contains an electric circuit. The lock has knob on both sides of the door. The electronic circuit is arranged to read the input code. Once input code is fed, the circuit reads the code and matches it with the stored code. If the two matches, then, electrical operated bolt is activated and consequently the door is unlocked.

A battery is used to supply power for the circuit operation. The lock uses the solenoid or electric motor to activate the bolt mechanism.

Benefits of Deadbolt Locks

The electronic deadbolt locks have a numerous of advantages over the rest of the traditional deadbolt locks. Some of them are enlisted below:

• Unlike simple deadbolt locks, the electronic deadbolt locks come with the patented digital technologies.
• These locks are equipped with both key and electronic locking mechanism.
• Multiples code combination can be stored which can allow several layers of security to the building.

Limitation of Deadbolt Locks

Despite of having brilliant features, there exist some factors which a cautious user must consider. Here, we enlist some of the limitations faced by the electronic deadbolt locks.

• These locks are operated through solenoid or electric motors, thus, they need a large amount of power for effective functioning. However, the use of batteries has helped to solve this problem up to an extent.
• If not installed properly, the cylindrical knob can be a hazard instead of providing safety to home.
• The codes if guessed by someone else (other than the resident) can lead to awkward situation.

Features of A Good Deadbolt

There is a large number of electronic deadbolt locks available in the market. Thus, it is primary important for a buyer to judiciously choose the appropriate product for ensuring the home safety. In this regard, we present below some of the features which a good lock should possess. Hope that the buyers shall find it helpful before they go out for purchasing a new product.

• The installation of the electronic deadbolt lock should be simple and inexpensive requiring minimum alteration to the premises.
• The lock should have the capability of storing more than one combination so that different person can have the entry (with prior knowledge of the resident) without knowing the actual combination used by the resident of the house.
• The lock should be capable of having the number of digits as combination according to the choice of the residents. That means the lock should not restrict the resident from choosing any combination as per his wish.
• It is advisable to buy a double cylinder electronic deadbolt lock installed with glass windows.
• A good electronic deadbolt lock should be battery operated.
• It should use both card and keypad number for feeding the combination code.

Summary

The electronic deadbolt locks have rejuvenated the security issues concerning a residential or industrial building. The locks most popularly used in industrial buildings have enabled to gear up the best security measures.

Besides, the locks are being extensively used in buildings having strategic significance. These locks ensure null break in and are most convenient to use. There is no need for key as the locks are electric automated. Moreover, the locks also have the feature of storing more than one security code.

This unique feature adds to the security level of the building. However, one has to carefully choose the appropriate security code so that it is not easily guessed by someone else. With the use of such locks, one can surely enjoy the utmost security and safety level.

If you have any interest in electric deadbolt, welcome to check out Pongee’s website. The company specializes in kinds of access controllers, time attendances, EM locks, etc. Learn more information please feel free to send inquiry to Pongee.

Article Source: ReviewsWorthy

Reverse osmosis (RO) can be one of the best ways to treat water for residential and light commercial facilities. But, there can be issues that exist after a RO unit is installed. One issue that arises is the challenges presented with hard water. During the filtration process, hard water can cause scale, making it extremely difficult for RO’s membrane to work and the result is lower quality of water.

Hard water is the result of having high mineral content, usually calcium and magnesium ions. The dissolved rock causes scale, which has been found to impede appliance performance and result in energy inefficiencies and increased utility costs.

“Hardness can cause scaling of the membrane, which over time will defeat the whole purpose,” explains Steve Fox of NEXT Filtration Technologies Inc. “It will reduce the output of the membrane itself and it will reduce the quality of water that the membrane is putting out. Essentially, it slowly kills the membrane.”

Replacing membranes too frequently can be expensive over time. Dealers should, therefore, seek the foundation of the issue for answers. Also, sharing this valuable information with customers is key.

According to Pam McDowell of Scalewatcher, it’s the sticky calcium molecules that affect a RO system. “Calcium in the water is like cholesterol in your blood stream,” notes McDowell. “It sticks to everything, binds, hardens and thickens as more collects. On a RO membrane, the calcium molecules block the membrane, making backwashing necessary on a regular basis.”

While McDowell goes on to say that it is necessary to replace the membranes of an RO system from time-to-time, it’s the dealer’s job to provide customers with a system that will last as long as possible.

How to Reduce Water Hardness Before RO

Testing is the best way to deal with water hardness before installation. RO systems are designed to create a lot of pressure to a certain solution to separate out heavy minerals. Knowing what types of minerals are in the water can help when installing a system.

“As with any water treatment system, following the manufacturer’s installation is the most important part of the installation,” notes McDowell. “The second important part knows your water. If you know that you have a specific issue such as iron, an iron filtration system should be installed in tandem with the RO.”

After installation, it’s always best to continue to monitor the water to make sure scaling isn’t becoming a major problem in the RO system. If you are changing the membranes of your RO system quite frequently, McDowell suggest that it may be time to find another system and/or hardness solution.

“Carbon filters may be used to remove chlorine, which can have a negative effect on TFC (thin film composite) and TFM (thin film material) membranes,” notes Jan de Baat Doelman, president of Scalewatcher. “Carbon pre filters are not used if the RO system contains a CTA (cellulose tri-acetate) membrane.”

Ion exchange is commonly used to soften water. During ion exchange, hard water is passed through a cylinder filled with resin beads that have been saturated with sodium. When this happens, the hardness ions are attracted to the resin and the sodium ions are released.

Fox adds that softening and ion exchange are used for the removal of hardness ions and that RO can be effective as well, but not if you’re trying to protect its membrane.

Going Green

One of the major downfalls of having hard water and its effects on a reverse osmosis system is that it is not very energy efficient. The minerals that clog the RO and cause scaling make the RO unit work even harder, waste water and run up the utility bill. There are ways to prevent this from happening and in return help the environment.

“The amount of water that’s wasted, the discharge issues that we’re facing all over this country and really all over the world have become serious enough that the water treatment industry is paying attention to the need to reduce discharge, save water and be more environmentally friendly,” asserts Fox. “I would like to see more of a focus on the need to become more efficient on the waste specifically — hopefully eliminating any chemical discharge in the widespread use of reverse osmosis.”

There is little doubt that RO has been an effective filtration technology for several decades. While it does have its waste and energy drawbacks, there are fewer more efficient and practical innovations available at this time for residential and light commercial use. As companies continue to go green with solutions for hard water and scale reduction, the focus will become more conscious of end users, the environment and the bottom line.

If you need more information about RO system or the reliable supplier of reverse osmosis system, visit the website of TRIWIN that would be a good choice. The company provides best quality water filtration systems for you to enjoy pure water. For more details, welcome to click here: www.triwinwater.com to gain the information you need.

Article Source: https://www.watertechonline.com/the-effects-of-hard-water-on-reverse-osmosis-filtration-systems/

Choosing the right RFID can be difficult. How should you choose?

Selecting the right UHF RFID Reader for your application is of the utmost importance. Not only is the RFID reader the brain of the RFID system, but each reader has its own unique features that should be considered before being deploying an RFID system.

To help narrow down the search to selecting the right RFID reader, we put together a list of 3 important factors to consider:

Region of Operation

Each country has its own regulations governing UHF RFID transmissions and, when deploying an RFID system, it essential to select an RFID reader that will operate within the bounds of the given country’s regulations. If a reader is set to transmit within the 902-928 MHz bandwidth in a country that has standardized the 865-868 MHz bandwidth for RFID use, then it will be in violation of the local frequency regulations.

Antenna Ports

The amount of read zones/read points required will vary by application, and the ability to extend read zones and/or add more read points depends on the number of RFID antennas that are deployed. The number of antennas that can be deployed is directly related to the number of antennas that a reader can support; thus, the number of antenna ports available on the reader needs to be considered during the selection process. Readers typically come in 2-port, 4-port, or 8-port options, but some readers have the ability to utilize multiplexers to expand and support up to 32 RFID antennas.

Method of Communication

If the application does not require the reader to be placed on a network, then it can be directly connected to the host computer via an:

• RS-232 Cable
• Ethernet Cable
• USB Cable

(Of note, communicating solely via a USB port is a feature restricted to USB RFID readers).

If the application requires that the RFID reader will reside on a network, either Ethernet or Wi-Fi can be used. Using these two methods of communication will allow the RFID system to communicate via a network and the information collected can be accessed by as many other systems as your system design and software allows. Using an RFID system over a network may also help to reduce overall system costs if you have a multiple reader set-up as you won’t require a host computer for each reader.

If you have any questions regarding selecting the right RFID reader for your application or if you need more information, do not hesitate to visit the website of Pongee: www.pongee.com. This company is specializing in kinds of access controllers, EM locks, and UHF RFID readers etc. Check out their website to find more details you need.

Article Source: https://blog.atlasrfidstore.com/how-to-select-uhf-rfid-reader

What Are LED Bulbs And How Do They Work?

LED stands for light emitting diode. LED lighting products produce light approximately 90% more efficiently than incandescent light bulbs. How do they work? An electrical current passes through a microchip, which illuminates the tiny light sources we call LEDs and the result is visible light. To prevent performance issues, the heat LEDs produce is absorbed into a heat sink.

Lifetime of LED Bulbs

The useful life of LED lighting products is defined differently than that of other light sources, such as incandescent or compact fluorescent lighting (CFL). LEDs typically do not “burn out” or fail. Instead, they experience ‘lumen depreciation’, wherein the brightness of the LED dims slowly over time. Unlike incandescent bulbs, LED “lifetime” is established on a prediction of when the light output decreases by 30 percent.

How is LEDs Used in Lighting?

LEDs are incorporated into bulbs and fixtures for general lighting applications. Small in size, LEDs provide unique design opportunities. Some LED bulb solutions may physically resemble familiar light bulbs and better match the appearance of traditional light bulbs. Some LED light fixtures may have LEDs built in as a permanent light source. There are also hybrid approaches where a non-traditional “bulb” or replaceable light source format is used and specially designed for a unique fixture. LEDs offer a tremendous opportunity for innovation in lighting form factors and fit a wider breadth of applications than traditional lighting technologies.

LEDs and Heat

LEDs use heat sinks to absorb the heat produced by the LED and dissipate it into the surrounding environment. This keeps LEDs from overheating and burning out. Thermal management is generally the single most important factor in the successful performance of an LED over its lifetime. The higher the temperature at which the LEDs are operated, the more quickly the light will degrade, and the shorter the useful life will be.

LED products use a variety of unique heat sink designs and configurations to manage heat. Today, advancements in materials have allowed manufacturers to design LED bulbs that match the shapes and sizes of traditional incandescent bulbs. Regardless of the heat sink design, all LED products that have earned the ENERGY STAR have been tested to ensure that they properly manage the heat so that the light output is properly maintained through the end of its rated life.

How is LED lighting different than other light sources, such as incandescent and Compact Fluorescent (CFL)?

LED lighting differs from incandescent and fluorescent in several ways. When designed well, LED lighting is more efficient, versatile, and lasts longer.

LEDs are “directional” light sources, which mean they emit light in a specific direction, unlike incandescent and CFL, which emit light and heat in all directions. That means LEDs are able to use light and energy more efficiently in a multitude of applications. However, it also means that sophisticated engineering is needed to produce an LED light bulb that shines light in every direction.

Common LED colors include amber, red, green, and blue. To produce white light, different color LEDs are combined or covered with a phosphor material that converts the color of the light to a familiar “white” light used in homes. Phosphor is a yellowish material that covers some LEDs. Colored LEDs are widely used as signal lights and indicator lights, like the power button on a computer.

In a CFL, an electric current flows between electrodes at each end of a tube containing gases. This reaction produces ultraviolet (UV) light and heat. The UV light is transformed into visible light when it strikes a phosphor coating on the inside of the bulb. Learn more about CFLs.

Incandescent bulbs produce light using electricity to heat a metal filament until it becomes “white” hot or is said to incandesce. As a result, incandescent bulbs release 90% of their energy as heat.

If you have any interest in LED lamp manufacturer, try to check out the website of Daina Electronics Co., Ltd... They provide a variety of LED lights like multi-color LED, oval LED, rectangular LED, round LED, SMD LEDs, super bright LED lights, super flux LED, tape LED etc. More details, click here: www.daina-led.com to obtain the information you need.

Article Source: https://www.energystar.gov/products/lighting_fans/light_bulbs/learn_about_led_bulbs

Established in 1993, Evercom Communication specializes in manufacturing GSM antenna and UMTS antenna. Furthermore, kinds of other antennas also can be found on their website.

The comprehensive ranges of GSM antenna, including roof antenna, NMO antenna, magnetic antenna, mini magnetic antenna, portable antenna, trucker antenna, marine antenna, on-glass antenna, patch antenna, window clip antenna, wall mount antenna, yagi antenna and base station antenna. If you have any interest, you can try to check out Evercom’s product page.

Let’s get to the point. Evercom’s dynamic research and development team offers unrivaled expertise that enables Evercom to provide wide frequency range of standard, customized and tailor-made UMTS antennas to meet all kinds of customers’ requirements. They credit their success to the continuous efforts into the innovation and dedicated customer service. In addition, Evercom maintains a speedy and flexible process of design, production, packaging and delivery in order to meet the diverse demands.

Would you want to learn more about GSM antenna and UMTS antenna, welcome to visit Evercom’s website: www.evercomtech.com and feel free to send inquiries to them.

Q&A:

What is UMTS?

UMTS is one of the Third Generation (3G) mobile systems being developed within the ITU’s IMT-2000 framework. It is a realization of a new generation of broadband multi-media mobile telecommunications technology.

 

– From http://www.umtsworld.com/umts/faq.htm

Evercom Communication Technology Co., Ltd.

No.108, Jiesin St., Taoyuan Dist., Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

TEL: 886-3-376-5678

FAX: 886-3-376-5319

E-mail: service@evercomtech.com / gtevercomtech@gmail.com

Now I’m going to tell you Sensor Taps’ main features comparing them with manual and press taps.

While some benefits of sensor taps are undeniable, other elements in the list will be more or less negative in relation to one’s needs and expectations. We have classified the features in three categories: advantages, neutral points and disadvantages.

Advantages of Sensor Taps

Automatic taps contribute to a more sustainable world in two main ways:

• Water Conservation:

Electronic taps are usually designed with a low flow rate, an aerator in the spout and system or materials that prevent leakage.

• Energy Saving in The Long Term:

Each sensor tap requires 6, 9 or 12 volts, depending on the brand. This expense is unavoidable, whether hardwired or battery operated. Nonetheless, e-taps can make a difference during activation. Selecting the preferred flow and temperature every time a traditional faucet is activated wastes energy, among other things. In this regard, automatic basin taps with a constant temperature (cold, warm or premixed) are a great choice for commercial washrooms. Likewise, thermostatic faucets would be more energy efficient in showers than mixer lever ones.

Neutral Features of Sensor Taps

Newbies will need a few seconds to realize how to use a touchless tap. A clear sign explaining that it is a motion sensor tap helps to cut down confusion. After such an initiation, visitors will know from then on that automatic faucets are a possibility in washrooms, like we all did with manual and push taps.

All faucet filters need to be checked regularly, including those inside the sensor tap system. Cleaning tap filters is fundamental before using the electronic tap for the first time and after a water cut.

Since smart taps require power, they will run out of battery eventually. Most models in the market will let staff know the need for a replacement with LED warnings. There are different battery options, but they will last for at least 1 year.

Disadvantages of Sensor Taps

Price range is wide and, as always, you usually get what you pay for, but sensor taps probably imply more initial investment than traditional taps, plus a remote control is necessary to change the default settings. Nonetheless, touchless tapware saves costs in the long run, especially for commercial washrooms, and just one remote control can adjust an infinite number of compatible automatic taps.

If there is a water cut, one cannot use the faucets. If there is a power cut, mains operated sensor taps will not work either. Nevertheless, let’s count how many times a year businesses face power cuts or what the chances are that users go into a commercial washroom during a blackout, let alone reaching the basin.

Hands free taps work with an infrared sensor. This widget may have problems with reflective surfaces and extremely bright colors. Installers must read carefully the mounting instructions that the manufacturer provides in order to avoid mirrors or polished chrome finishes opposite the tap sensor, as well as another built-in sensor right in front of it. Despite following the guidelines, beware that sensor taps can make activation mistakes from time to time.

Due to the simpler design of smart taps, they work with fewer replaceable parts when comparing with traditional faucets. Should faults occur, replacing the whole unit seems more likely. Now though, sensor taps normally have an extensive guarantee period.

Choosing the Right Sensor Tap

Electronic taps have quite a lot of objective pros: environmental friendly, cost saver in the long term, with constant flow and accessible to all users. However, one must think as well about their so-called cons and the particular variables such as the traffic of the washroom (is the initial investment worth it?) or location (for example, are there plugs in the premises?).

If you need more information about sensor taps faucet, welcome to check out Kingsway’s website. They are the professional touchless faucet and electronic & automatic faucet manufacturer in the industry. Feel free to send inquiry or contact with Kingsway for more details you need.

Article Source: https://www.intelligenthanddryers.com/blog/benefits-sensor-taps-problems

Electric drop Bolt is called electric drop down bolt, drop bolts lock, electric bolt lock. It is usually installed to control the glass doors/gates. Electric drop bolt locks can be used with any kind of electronic digital on/off switches, magnetic stripe card reader, proximity card reader and biological access control system.

Drop bolt is made up of 2 parts-the face plate and body. Additionally there is a strike plate.

The face plate is usually made of aluminum and body made of stainless steel.

Sensor Type – Generally there are 2 types sensor electric drop bolt in the market. Ball bearing sensor and magnetic sensor.

Working mode – There are 2 types working mode drop bolts, the failsafe and failsecure modes. Failsafe mode drop bolt is widely used nowadays due to when the power cut offer the drop bolt latch is unlocking. It ensures the people escape.

The failsecure drop bolt is used only in the high security place such as prisons which do not allow access if no valid command, regardless of any reasons.

Delay – Some drop bolts have delay function buy some not. The delay function is helpful to keep the door close properly every time when people push/pull the door and leave it closing by floor spring. The delay function provides the drop bolts ability that relock only when the door do not swing anymore. This is very useful to the door that floor spring works not well enough. It avoids the door impact the bolt latch by mistake. The user could adjust the delay time from 3/6/9 seconds as needs.

Cables – There are different quantity cables drop bolt in market. The different cable quantity drop bolts have different performance. 2-cable drop bolt is a basic level product which provides the basic function. When power on, the current drive the circle to generate electromagnetic effect, which attracts the spring sheet to keep locking. It is easy heat for a long term using. And the current fluctuate may easily causes malfunction to drop bolt.

Multi cables drop bolt provide more features such as door contact, REX, etc. A unique logic circuit keeps the drop-bolt retracted until the door has been closed and is properly aligned to assure engagement of the lock bolt.

Pongee Industries Co., Ltd is a Taiwan local company of specializing in electric locks. They provide electric deadbolt, electric drop bolt with various sizes to meet different demands of clients. Learn more details about electric deadbolts, RFID modules, UHF RFID readers etc., welcome to send inquiry or contact Pongee directly!

Article Source: http://www.eurohotelocks.com/?p=1511

The purpose of the reverse osmosis booster pump is to increase water pressure going into the RO unit.

Reverse osmosis is a pressure-driven process. Small residential RO units will theoretically operate on very low pressure–down to 35 psi, according to some membrane makers–but the reality is, you won’t get a lot of water and the product water quality will be compromised if the unit runs below 45 psi. Low inlet pressure makes the unit produce more reject water, produce less drinking water, fill the storage tank more slowly, and produce lower quality water.

RO units run well on typical city water pressure of 60 psi, but they run even better with a small pump to boost the pressure to 80 psi or higher.

Do You Need a Booster Pump?

Most city water reverse osmosis users have enough city water pressure to run their RO unit nicely and they do not need a booster pump. For example, if your city water pressure is 60 psi or more, there is little to be gained by adding a RO pump. If your pressure is 50 psi or less, however, a pressure boost pump will give your RO unit more zip. You’ll have more water, at a higher pressure, in the storage tank, and the tank will fill faster. The increased pressure will also improve the economy of the unit (it will run less reject water to drain) as well as the quality of the water. RO units thrive on pressure.

Triwin Watertec Co., Ltd. is one of outstanding RO pump manufacturer in Taiwan. If you are interested in learning further details about RO Diaphragm Booster Pump or other products, welcome to check out Triwin Watertec: https://www.triwinwater.com

Article Source: http://www.purewateroccasional.net/hwroboosterpump.html